Craniida
Classification
Phylum: Brachiopoda
Class: Craniata
Order: Craniida (Waagen, 1885)
Cincinnatian Families: Craniidae
Geologic Range
Ordovician – Holocene
Common Paleoecology
Craniida is an extinct order of stationary, epifaunal suspension feeders.
Characteristics of the Order
- Calcified dorsal valve
- Punctate
- Shell growth generally holoperipheral, rarely mixoperipheral
- Ventral valve convex or encrusting
- Dorsal valve convex to subconical
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Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part H, Vol. 2 (2000):
Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part H, Vol. 2 (2000):
- Dorsal valve invariably calcified, punctuate; ventral valve in some taxa without secondary shell or
entirely periostracal; mantle setae present in recent forms; shell growth generally holoperipheral, rarely
mixoperipheral; dorsal valve convex to subconical, ventral valve plane to convex or encrusting; dorsal
body wall of recent forms attached to dorsal valve in five separate areas; attachment scars of dorsal
internal oblique muscles situated posterolaterally; mantle canal system pinnate, only rarely with vascula
media
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